Why It's Important
Addressing barriers to digital access is foundational to ensuring equitable participation in the modern economy and society. These barriers are not just about a lack of infrastructure; they also include the affordability of internet services and devices, the need for digital skills, and the design of accessible online content. For remote and coastal communities, overcoming these hurdles is critical for local economic development, enabling access to education and telehealth, and enhancing civic engagement. As stated by the Government of Canada’s Digital Charter, all Canadians should have an equal opportunity to participate in the digital world. Tackling these barriers directly leads to a more inclusive, resilient, and prosperous community.
History
For decades, the primary barrier to digital access was the “infrastructure divide”—the lack of physical internet connections in rural and remote areas. Major investments in fibre and satellite technology are now addressing this. However, as infrastructure has improved, other barriers have become more prominent. The focus has shifted to the “affordability divide,” where high costs for internet and devices exclude low-income households. There is also a greater understanding of the “skills divide” and the “accessibility divide.” This evolution in understanding has led to a more holistic approach to digital inclusion, recognizing that true access requires more than just a physical connection; it requires affordability, skills, and inclusive design.
Examples
TELUS’s Internet for Good Program: In partnership with governments, this program offers low-cost, high-speed internet to low-income families, seniors, and people with disabilities across Canada, directly addressing the affordability barrier.
Computers for Schools Plus (CFS+): A national program, funded by the Government of Canada, that refurbishes and distributes donated computers from government and private sectors to schools, libraries, and non-profit organizations.
The Connected Coast project in British Columbia is a massive infrastructure build designed to bring high-speed fibre optic internet to 139 rural and remote coastal communities, directly tackling the infrastructure barrier.
ABC Life Literacy Canada: This national organization develops and provides free, plain-language learning materials, including on digital literacy topics, to help address the skills barrier for adult learners.
Software and Tools
Public Library Resources: Many public libraries across Canada, like the Vancouver Public Library, offer free public computer and internet access, as well as free access to premium online learning platforms like LinkedIn Learning.
Internet Speed Tests (e.g., CIRA Internet Performance Test): The Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA) provides a free tool that allows Canadians to test their internet speed, contributing to a national dataset on internet quality.
Get Cyber Safe: A Government of Canada campaign that provides free, accessible information and resources on how to stay safe online, addressing the barrier of online safety concerns.
Plain Language Tools (e.g., Hemingway Editor): Free online tools that help content creators simplify their writing, making it more accessible and addressing the barrier of complex information.
Online Learning Platforms (e.g.,CSPS Learning Catalogue): The Canada School of Public Service offers a number of free online courses on digital topics, which can be a valuable resource.
Video Conferencing with Auto-Captions (e.g., Zoom, Google Meet): Using platforms that provide free, AI-powered live captions helps to address barriers for people who are Deaf or hard of hearing.
AI Considerations
AI can be used to help identify and address barriers. For example, an AI could analyze census data alongside internet service maps to identify specific neighbourhoods or demographics with the lowest rates of internet adoption, helping to target outreach and support programs more effectively. AI can also power personalized learning platforms that adapt to an individual’s skill level, making digital literacy training more effective. The primary risk is that the data used to train these AI models can be biased, potentially leading the AI to overlook the needs of certain groups. Any AI-driven analysis of community needs must be reviewed and validated by humans with local, lived experience.
FAQ
The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to modern information and communication technology and those who do not. It now includes gaps in affordability, skills, and accessibility, not just infrastructure.
Federal and provincial governments are investing billions to extend infrastructure, but it will take years to reach every community. Furthermore, the infrastructure is only one piece of the puzzle; affordability and skills must also be addressed.
While affordability can be a factor, for many seniors, the biggest barriers are often a lack of confidence and concerns about scams and online safety. Trust-based, one-on-one support is often the most effective way to help them get online.
Organizations like ABC Life Literacy Canada and many public libraries offer excellent, free curriculum and handouts that you can use to run your own workshops.
This is a major challenge. Options include advocating to the CRTC, exploring partnerships with internet service providers for a bulk community plan, or, for some communities, investigating the feasibility of building a community-owned network.
Pro Tips
Identify obstacles that prevent full participation in the digital economy—like cost, connectivity, and digital literacy—and explore solutions you can implement or advocate for. Consider starting a device‑lending program, negotiating internet discounts, or offering training sessions in multiple languages. Addressing these barriers improves access for you and your neighbours.
Checklist
External Resources
Digital Justice Lab: A Canadian organization that works to build a more just and equitable digital future through research, policy, and public education.
MediaSmarts: A Canadian non-profit centre for digital and media literacy, providing a wealth of resources for educators, parents, and community groups.
The Public Interest Advocacy Centre (PIAC): A Canadian non-profit that advocates for consumer interests, including affordable and accessible telecommunications services.
E-Democracy.org: While not exclusively Canadian, this long-standing non-profit offers many models and resources for using technology to foster inclusive civic engagement.